Social process one individual influences the behaviour of others - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1047 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Organizational Behaviour Describe an important leadership situation that you have witnessed in the last twelve months. What styles did the leader adopt and how effective were they? With this and other example , critically evaluate the theoretical links between leadership and organization performance. Leadership is defined as a social process in which one individual influences the behaviour of others without the use or threat of violence (Buchanan and Huczynsci,1985:389 cited in Thompson et al,2009,p.329 ). Leadership is that process where the leaders make use of their power and strategic competencies to influence the performance of the workforce and achieve the organizational goals. (Weiss, 1996, p.187) The importance of leadership focuses that it helps to initiate the action within a group, motivates the employees , guides them towards the effective results of organizational goals , increases employee morale and creates in them a zest to perform confi dently. It also helps to promote team / group working and thus facilitates coordination. (https://www.managementstudyguide.com/importance_of_leadership.htm) Leadership has three styles that are Autocratic, Democratic, Consultative. Autocratic leader means one who gives the orders and expects instant obedience. Plans and policies are not discussed with group members; it is finally decided by the leader himself. He always directs the group rather being the part of the group. Democratic leader means one who always involves group in taking decisions, asks for opinions. Usually it is said that democratic style of leadership is the most effective way of leadership. Consultative leader means one who is part way between the autocratic and democratic styles. It does take the opinions from the group members and basis on that information takes final decision. The group are well informed about the future prospects and allowed to debate on long term policy. (https://www.aircadeton line.com/flash_site/assets/pdf_files/nco_leadership_style_jnco.pdf) The following example talks about the leadership situation that I had witnessed in last twelve months. It gave me a clear understanding of how important leadership is in the organization. I worked under the marketing department of Harsh Precious Metals Pvt Ltd, located in Mumbai (India) .The company deals with manufacturing of alloys, fitting and findings related to jewellery. Since the past ten years the company has been recognised as one of the major producers in the industry. Recently, since about seven-eight months the company started experiencing rise in its costs , deteriorating sales , bitter relations with the buyers and the poor consumer market response. Detailed investigation was done and the efforts were made to control situation. But still there were no effective and positive results that were experienced by the company. The senior management of the company thought of bringing some changes so as to improve the companys performance. The company as a remedy revised its policies and procedures. It also recruited skilful staff for marketing department and introduced the concept of leadership so as to manage the human relations aspect of the company. We were now made to work in teams and there was team leader assigned to each team. My leader was Mr Jigar Shah, who practised leadership qualities like, initially he started delegating work, good communication skill, motivating the group members to work effectively and efficiently, involving everyone in decision making, applying updated policies to achieve the goals and overcome the situation, openness among the group and treating everyone fairly, he also took critics in a positive way and worked upon it. As a result it was experienced that there was improvement in the coordination among them, new methods applied resulted in decrease in cost and efficient production , better communication skills resulted in improved relati ons with the buyers and consumer market response . The concept of leadership leaded to higher work performance, reduction in group conflicts and achieved organisations targets and goal. When Mr Jigar Shah was appointed as a leader the companys position was really bad with respect to its sales, relations with the buyer and consumers etc. So he initially adopted the Autocratic style of leadership wherein, he started delegating work to the group members, reinforce his decisions on group members without giving overview of an situation. Usually autocratic style is benefited when fast decisions are to be taken and quick actions are required. It really helped in improving the companys performance though group members felt it was very rigid. After a point when business was able to overcome the situation and had reached the steady level he started adopting democratic style. It has been always seen that Democratic style is the most effective style. He started involving group members, to ok their opinions, used their information and experience while decision making. In a way leadership qualities also highly motivated them to perform with high integrity which in turn leaded to increase in sales. As seen in above situation leadership plays very important role in the performance of the organization. It is always seen that good leader leads to better performance of the organization whereas; if the leader is not appropriate it affects the performance badly. For example Lehman Brothers filed their bankruptcy which was said to be the biggest filing of bankruptcy in US. Lehman Brothers had not even reported a quarterly loss till June 2008.It got affected due to massive credit crisis and fast increasing real estate prices. Many other banks also started refusing working with Lehman Brothers, because of its complex and opaque ways of trading. Housing loans provided by the Lehman Brothers were with very little support to the customers and when interest rates rose they wer e unable to repay them which lead to higher losses. In this situation decisions taken by leader were not appropriate with respect to the market conditions and it badly affected the company and leaded to bankruptcy.( https://www.millionface.com/l/what-went-wrong-with-lehman-brothers/) As seen in the above situations leadership plays a vital role towards the achievement of organizational performance. Whether under normal circumstances or during a crunch, the leader is usually the most important role to be performed. The leader not only motivates the employees for effective and efficient work performance but also encourages them to enjoy their work and provides guidance to their group members to accomplish the organizational goals . To conclude, though it is not that organization cannot perform without leaders but leaders always improves the organizations performance. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social process one individual influences the behaviour of others" essay for you Create order

Sleep Deprivation Essay - 1250 Words

Sleep deprivation is defined as the situation or condition of suffering from lack of sleep. Sleep deprivation is super common now days. People begin at such a young age. Most people can recall the first time they wanted to stay up super late to watch television, or hang out with their friends at a sleep over. Kids are constantly seeing older sibling and parents staying up and choosing other things over sleep. They’re taught at such a young age that sleep deprivation is an okay thing to do. We aren’t taught in school whether sleep deprivation is a good thing or a bad thing. The long-term effect sleep deprivation is not worth missing out on a few hours of sleep here and there. Before diving deeper into this topic, it is important to talk†¦show more content†¦Sleep deprivation is a real problem with people of all ages. It’s not just older people with full time jobs but starts with people as young as sixth graders. â€Å"Sufficient sleep is essential for health and wellbeing. Sleep is closely associated with the regulation of energy balance and metabolism, and several studies have shown a relationship between sleep and health† (Hong et al., 1) Research does show that one’s health is directly related to one’s health. If sleep deprivation has direct influence on someone’s health what exactly can happen if we ignore this fact? Sleep deprivation is something that we are all super aware of. It’s a constant battle for people on a daily basis; However, sleep deprivation is not worth the harm we are constantly putting on our bodies. Once you fall behind on sleep it’s nearly impossible to catch up on sleep. We need to stop putting our bodies at risk for serious disease that can eventually lead to death. Although research shows that sleep is related to our health and that serious issues can occur, people do believe that little to no sleep is what is best for them. Jeffery jones states that, â€Å"Regardless of what the experts recommend and the number of hours of sleep people actually get, 56% of Americans say they get as much sleep as needed†. This shows that even though people may not be getting the recommended 7 hours of sleep that they still feel like they’re getting enough sleep. Although this group of peopleShow MoreRelatedSleep Deprivation Essay3848 Words   |  16 PagesAbstract Sleep is one of our basic needs to survive, however in the modern days sleep deprivation in increasing more and more each day, causing accidents and medical problems for the people and the community. This essay will look at the meaning of sleep and sleep deprivation and the basic perspectives on what motivates sleep and sleep deprivation with the five perspectives; evolutionary, psychodynamic, behaviourist, cognitive and the hierarchy of needs. This essay will also evaluate the best perspectiveRead MoreSleep Deprivation Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesOutline Sleeping Deprivation General Purpose: To inform. Specific purpose: Sleep is a precious gift that allows people to rest. Not getting enough rest on a constant basis can lead to greater problems, even death Organizational Pattern: Introduction I. Blame It On the Light Bulb.  Ã‚  College students and individuals around the world are suffering from a health problem that can be more detrimental to their health than some forms of cancer.  Ã‚  What is it?  Ã‚  Sleep Deprivation II. People areRead MoreSleep Deprivation Essay684 Words   |  3 PagesSleep Deprivation It’s seven thirty in the morning, the time that most American high schools begin class. Instead of being chipper and ready to learn, most teenagers, at this time of the morning, can barely remain awake. These puffy eyed pupils are by no means ready to learn. Sixty percent children under 18 reported being sleepy during the day, with another fifteen percent reporting that they had fallen asleep during the school day within the past year (National Sleep Foundation, Dozing)Read More Sleep Deprivation Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sleep deprivation has become a major problem with Americans. Over 100 million Americans today suffer from lack of sleep. This has been an ongoing problem throughout the centuries. People owe their bodies sleep and scientist are calling it a â€Å"Sleep debt†. An average American owes their body at least thirty hours of sleep. This lack of sleep is as hazardous as drunk driving. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One man caught sleep deprivation at it’s best. He pushed himselfRead MoreSleep deprivation Essay1760 Words   |  8 PagesSleep deprivation seems to be an increasing problem with people of all different age groups. It is related to many different health concerns. Nearly fifty percent of adults fail to get enough sleep. According to the national sleep foundation, teenagers need at least 9 hours of sleep a night, but 80% get a lot less than that. Due to the lack of sleep at least 28% of high schoolers fall asleep in class, 22% fall asleep while doing their homework and 14% arrive late or miss school entirely because theyRead MoreSleep Debt and Sleep Deprivation Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesWho Needs Sleep? People will die from from sleep deprivation before people die from food deprivation. It takes 2 weeks to starve, but only 10 days without sleep can kill people. Without sleep many of the people worldwide their daily functions will be taken away, such as remembering, retaining information and lastly you will be more prone to problem skin like acne. More than 78% of college and high school students pull all nighters at some point in their life in school. When pullin all nightersRead MoreCause And Effect Essay Sleep Deprivation1134 Words   |  5 Pages03/17/2016 Essay 4 Cause and Effect Essay Sleep Deprivation Cause and effect Essay Sleep deprivation Most people have at least stayed awake for the entire night once during their lifetime. This behavior is common amongst individuals enrolled in High School or pursuing University degree. One might wonder how lack of sleep for the night impact him/her. However, it has being proven that being awake for 24 hours has unpleasant effects on health.So why is sleep so important? How does lack of sleep impactRead MorePersuasive Essay On Sleep Deprivation1735 Words   |  7 Pagesmuch to realize that a great number of them lack sleep. Sleep deprivation has been and is currently a growing â€Å"epidemic† that is affecting human beings of all sizes and ages. It’s crucial, yet it has been thrown aside and we’ve completely disregarded its evident consequences that are taking its toll on our bodies. Sleep, an uncomplicated action that requires minimum effort, is vital to human life; though most people takes its importance lightly, sleep has an abundant amount of benefits: stro nger immuneRead MorePersuasive Essay On Sleep Deprivation1610 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Sleep is as essential to the human body as food and water, but sometimes sleep quality and quantity is inadequate and this is known as sleep deprivation (SD). Sleep deprived people are sleepy and fatigued making them prone to accidents, impairing their judgement and they are more likely to make mistakes and bad decisions. Not sleeping for 24 hours reduces hand-to-eye coordination, which can be compared to having a blood alcohol content of 0.1 and contributes to road accidents and workRead MoreArgumentative Essay : Sleep Deprivation768 Words   |  4 Pages Less Homework Endless hours. Sleep deprivation. Deadlines, cutoff dates and time limits. Welcome to the life of every student who has ever lived. When a class is about to end and the teacher announces the homework requirements, everybody wants to flee. â€Å"When school’s out, it should be OUT.† Homework has historically been given to students to reinforce what they learn at school and ultimately help them learn the material better. However, too much homework is not helpful, and can be counterproductive

Media and A Doll’s House Free Essays

Nora and Media are very different and also similar. Both Nora and Media are in powerless marriages. They both end up with the power at the end of the play. We will write a custom essay sample on Media and A Doll’s House or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nora leaves her husband but Jason leaves Media. Media handles this situation differently than Nora. Media uses that fact that she is a woman and her weakness to her advantage. Media is much more manipulative than Nora; however Nora lies so more than Media. Nora must be a different person around Torvald. Mrs. Linde, Dr. Rank and Krogstad are the only people that she can be the person who she really is. Media also had to pretend who she really was. Media pretends that she doesn’t have magic and that she is Greek until she acts out her revenge. Media has magical powers and Nora is an average middle class wife. Although they both are mothers, Nora loves her children more than Media loves her children. Nora loves her children so much that she would die for them. She is concerned about how her choices and how they will affect her children. Media cares more about her revenge on Jason than her children, which is why she killed them at the end of the play. Nora is looking for sympathy, but when Media gets sympathy she yells and says that it makes her sick. The titles of the plays have different meanings as well. The title of â€Å"A Doll’s House† represents a theme throughout the play and is important in the last scene of the play. The title â€Å"Media† is like most romantics where the main character is the title of the play. The play â€Å"Media† was radical just like â€Å"A Doll’s House†. Both plays said things that the audience would be offended by. In media it was that she was a foreigner who manipulated their king and killed him. In â€Å"A Doll’s House† it shows the life of an average middle class family and it uses language that was not used in plays. The writing in the two plays is different. â€Å"Media† is like an epic; it talks about far off lands, there are long monologues, magic, and the language is poetic. â€Å"A Doll’s House† is a realistic play. The situations are real and they happen to real people. Also the characters are real. The language is different too. In â€Å"A Doll’s House† the characters speak in sentence fragments and incomplete sentences. The characters in â€Å"A Doll’s House† portray average middle class people even though they might be radical. Even though the plays are quite different they are rather similar as well. How to cite Media and A Doll’s House, Essay examples

Compare what happens to the two girls and the attitudes they have and other people have towards it Essay Example For Students

Compare what happens to the two girls and the attitudes they have and other people have towards it Essay Cousin Kate was Set and written in the mid 1800s and set in rural England. The Seduction was written in 1985 for the Young Observer poetry competition, which it won first prize. It was written when she was seventeen. In The Seduction a girl goes to a party with the intention of finding a nice boy next door boyfriend. She meets a boy who takes her to the grimy, putrid Birkenhead docks. He seems like the complete opposite to her, he does not have any plans for the future, and truants school and spends his time sniffing paint thinner by the docks reading his dads magazines. She seems to have things more planned out, as she talks to him about her O levels and school. He pulls a bottle of vodka out of his bag and gets her drunk. He talks with her and gains her trust and then has sex with her. She then discovers she is pregnant 3 months later. In the poem Cousin Kate the narrator is a cottage maiden. She is quite content with her life and happy the way she is. One day the Lord of the manor discovers her. He thinks she is beautiful and lured her back to his home. The Lord exploited her and treated her as a plaything but she allowed him to do it because she was in love. The Lord saw her cousin Kate and thought she was much fairer and prettier and cast the narrator aside and married Kate instead. The narrator was left an outcast because she was then an unmarried mother. She became bitter and resentful towards Kate because she felt she loved the Lord, and Kate didnt, Kate only loved his wealth. The narrator also felt that if she had been in a similar situation she would not have betrayed her own blood and would have spit in his face than taken his hand. But she loves her son and calls him her shame and her pride. She knows that the Lord needs an heir and calls her son a gift that Kate is not likely to get. In The Seduction the girl was hoping to find a nice boyfriend, which all her magazines had promised. She talks about all the parties where you meet the boy next door She was looking for a relationship and the kind of romances she had been promised in her magazines. She wears her high white shoes with the intention of looking older. The boy she meets had come for a different reason entirely. He had come for sex. He had even come prepared with alcohol to get his victim drunk and Listerine so he wouldnt put the girl off with his smoky breath at the crucial moment. He occupied her with idle chatting, to gain her false assurance, and slowly got her drunk with his vodka, so she would think she was in love with him. He seduces her in a filthy damp dock. The story becomes more tragic when he talks about truanting, sniffing paint thinner. They are a similar age but he has nothing to lose, and will not end up losing anything, whereas the girl will lose her education, her reputation and more importantly, her childhood from this. Three months later when she discovers her pregnancy, she doesnt feel bitter towards the boy, but towards her magazines. She feels angry at her teenage magazines because they broke their promises of romance and love. She takes her frustration out on her high white shoes And on that day she broke the heels of her high white shoes (as she flung them at the wall) In comparison the narrator in Cousin Kate was content with her life and didnt have the need to find a boyfriend. But the similarity between the two women is that their partners exploited them both. They both thought they were in love, even if it was only induced by the alcohol that the boy was giving her. The poem says: As he brought her more drinks, so she fell in love. (The Seduction) In the poem Cousin Kate the narrator says, Why did a great lord find me out to fill my heart with care? (Cousin Kate) Both men in the poems had the same attitudes towards the women. They regarded them almost as toys. In Cousin Kate it refers to her as His plaything and his love. The narrator also says He wore me like a silken knot, and changed me like a glove This suggests that the lords attitude towards the narrator was more that she was a plaything, and that he paid attention to her when he wanted to, and would discard her when he wanted. In the narrators view, he treated her more like a whore, than someone he loved and respected. The boy in The Seduction also thought very little of the girl. In the poem it says: She giggled drunk, and nervous, and he muttered little slag The difference between the two women is that in Cousin Kate the narrator was left by the lord because he saw Kate, who was younger, prettier, and purer. In the case of the girl in The seduction, it does not seem likely that he had any intention of pursuing a relationship with her. Another similarity between the two women is that they both felt like outcasts and worried what their neighbours thought of them. The neighbours call you good and pure, call me an outcast thing; (Cousin Kate) The neighbours whisper that youd always looked the type (The Seduction) The narrator in Cousin Kate is called an outcast thing, almost as if she has fallen so low that she can only be described as a thing. The narrator in Cousin Kate felt resentful towards both the lord and Kate. But she seemed more distressed that her own cousin had betrayed her and she is bitter that Kate doesnt even love him. The girl in The seduction seems more bitter about her high white shoes and her teenage magazines. She feels disillusioned and cheated by the promise of it all because she read all the romanticised stories of love and what it should all be like. She calls them stupid, stupid promises, only tacitly made. She feels like she has been lied to, and the night drunken on the dirty docks should have been a glass of lager shandy on a carpeted floor. She does not seem to be concerned that it was the boy who had taken advantage of her by getting her drunk. Poetry Analysis Analysis EssayHe saw you at your fathers gate, Chose you cast me by. The lord was in a position of power and respect so it would not matter if he had sex with a lot of women, and this is why he could get away with it. In the period in which the poem was set, women did not have as much power as men did and this probably explains some of his behaviour. Women were seen more as people who had and looked after children, so he would have thought he was higher up than she was, which he was because he was a lord, but I think some of his attitude was probably due to the views towards women in that era. In The Seduction the boy did not think much of the girl, and had come to the party with the intention of sleeping with one of the girls. As he was filling her with his vodka, he called her a little slag, even though she had probably never done anything like this in her life, and he was the one corrupting her. I think this shows that he thinks she is stupid for going along with it and has not got much respect for her. The boy was probably attracted to the girl because he had danced with her all night, but he did not had any intentions of pursuing a relationship. The girl was most likely one of a long list of girls he had done this to. He seems to know what he was doing, and had everything planned out. He had brought Listerine, vodka, and he even knew where to take her. To him she was just another girl. In Cousin Kate the neighbours think the narrator is an outcast thing. They think Kate is good and pure. They call the narrator a thing as if she is not a human being. They show no sympathy towards her, despite the fact that it was the lord who had got her pregnant and left her for Kate. The neighbours think she is dirty and this is all her own fault. They think this way because of the social stigma at the time about unmarried mothers, which is still around nearly a hundred and fifty years later when The seduction was written. In The Seduction the girls neighbours judged her before they even knew the situation. In the poem it tells the reader that: the neighbours whisper that you always look the type. They thought that she was the kind of girl who had sex with a lot of boys and then ended up pregnant. This is not surprising because when a young woman like her falls pregnant, people always think they are the type of person that sleeps around. They jumped straight to this conclusion even though she had never done anything like this, had never had a boyfriend, and it was him who corrupted her. But I think that was the norm at the time, and still is sometimes, to take that attitude towards unmarried or single mothers. The things in Cousin Kate which make it recognisable as Victorian are the settings, the language, the attitudes of the characters and their action and the attitude of the poem towards its subject. Some of the language in the poem is immediately recognisable as Victorian such as woes me joy thereof flaxen hair and O Lady Kate. These words are not now in common usage, and have been replaced with modem alternatives, which is why they stand out so much. The attitudes of the characters such as the lord and the neighbours are also typical of the period. The way that an heir is so important to him, the way he treats the narrator and the effect his power has among the common people are all traits which today would not mean as much. The attitudes of the neighbours stand out because the attitude that unmarried mothers are outcast things is not as strong anymore. The fact that the lord is not criticized for what he did, because he is a man, and he is in power is a also recognisable because nowadays people in power or in the public eye are no longer feared as much, and people will criticise them more openly. Kate would not have been so anxious to have a son for the lord and would not have betrayed her cousin so she could marry the lord and be rich, unless she was a malicious person. The setting is quite recognisable as Victorian because they worked among the rye and lived in cottages. The narrator also refers to herself as a cottage maiden. The things which make The Seduction recognisable as 1980s are the events, the personalities, and the comics which the girl reads. The things that the boy and girl talk about are instantly recognisable as 1980s, such as when the boy was talking about football and Sammy Lee and Ian Rush and the Milk Cup and the McGuigan fight. The girl talks about her O levels, which we do not have anymore and the magazines she reads, like My Guy and Jackie are also from that time. The attitude towards the girls pregnancy is also typical of the time. Despite the gap of nearly one hundred and fifty years between them, I think that the poems are still very similar. They both describe the social stigma surrounding teenage pregnancies and unmarried mothers. They both show that despite the situation, it is always the woman who ends up with the blame. The narrator in Cousin Kate was labelled an outcast thing and the girl in The Seduction was whispered about, even though it was the boy who had taken advantage of her. Even though a hundred and fifty years had passed since Cousin Kate had been written, people still had the same ideas about teenage/single mothers. The attitude I pick up from these poems is that it is looked down on for women to become single mothers, and it is wrong for women to have sex with a lot of people, but for a man it is acceptable, and no label or shame is placed upon him.